American Samoa:: Population: 68,061
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Background
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Settled
as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the
18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century
were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago.
The US formally occupied its portion - a
smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
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Pago Pago
has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean,
sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from
high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
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Location:
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Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
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Geographic coordinates:
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14 20 S,
170 00 W
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Area:
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total:
199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Size comparison: slightly larger than Washington, DC |
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Land Boundaries:
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0 km
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Coastline:
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116 km
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Maritime claims:
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territorial
sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
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Climate:
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tropical
marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to
April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
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Terrain:
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five
volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral
atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest
point: Pacific
Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata Mountain 964 m
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Natural resources:
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pumice, pumicite
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Land use:
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arable
land: 10% permanent crops: 15% other: 75% (2005)
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Irrigated land:
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NA
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Natural hazards:
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typhoons
common from December to March volcanism: limited volcanic activity on the Ofu
and Olosega Islands; neither has erupted since the
19th century
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Current Environment Issues:
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limited
natural freshwater resources; the water division of the government has spent
substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and
pipelines
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Population:
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68,061
(July 2012 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14
years: 31.9% (male 10,910/female 10,518) 15-64 years: 63.9% (male
21,764/female 21,228) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 1,322/female 1,500) (2011
est.)
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Median age:
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total: 24
years male: 23.9 years female: 24.1 years (2012 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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1.211%
(2012 est.)
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Birth rate:
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22.69
births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
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Death rate:
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4.11
deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
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Net migration rate:
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-6.46
migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02
male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.02
male(s)/female (2011 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total:
9.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.21 deaths/1,000 live births female:
6.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total
population: 74.44 years male: 71.5 years female: 77.56 years (2012 est.)
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Total fertility rate:
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3.1
children born/woman (2012 est.)
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA
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HIV/AIDS - people living with
HIV/AIDS:
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NA
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA
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Nationality:
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noun:
American Samoan(s) (US nationals) adjective: American Samoan
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Ethnic groups:
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native
Pacific islander 91.6%, Asian 2.8%, white 1.1%, mixed 4.2%, other 0.3% (2000
census)
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Religions:
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Christian
Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
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Languages:
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Samoan
90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English
2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people
are bilingual (2000 census)
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Literacy:
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definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 98% female:
97% (1980 est.)
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Country name:
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conventional
long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS
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Government type:
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NA
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Capital:
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name: Pago Pago geographic coordinates: 14 16 S,
170 42 W time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
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Administrative divisions:
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none
(territory of the US); there are no first-order
administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three
districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
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Independence:
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none
(territory of the US)
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National holiday:
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Constitution:
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ratified 2
June 1966;
effective 1 July 1967
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Legal system:
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mixed
legal system of US common law and customary law
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Suffrage:
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18 years
of age; universal
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Executive branch:
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chief of
state: President Barack H. OBAMA (since 20 January 2009); Vice President
Joseph R. BIDEN (since 20 January 2009) head of government: Governor Togiola
TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) cabinet: Cabinet made up of 12 department
directors (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated
territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US
president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and
Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected
on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second
term); election last held on 4 and 18 November 2008 (next to be held in
November 2012) election results: Togiola TULAFONO reelected governor; percent
of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 56.5%, Afoa Moega LUTU 43.5%
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Legislative branch:
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bicameral
Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (18 seats; members are
elected from local chiefs to serve four-year terms)and the House of
Representatives (21 seats; 20 members are elected by popular vote and 1 is an
appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year
terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held on 2 November 2010
(next to be held in November 2012); Senate - last held on 4 November 2008 (next
to be held in November 2012) election results: House of Representatives -
percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 20; Senate -
percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 18 note:
American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of
Representatives; election last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in
November 2012); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA reelected as delegate
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Judicial branch:
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High
Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior); note
- the High Court (or Supreme Court) is the highest court in America Samoa;
there is no U.S. federal court there
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Political parties and leaders:
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Democratic
Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
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Political pressure groups and
leaders:
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Population
Pressure LAS (addresses the growing population pressures)
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International organization
participation:
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AOSIS,
Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC, UPU
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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none (territory
of the US)
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Diplomatic representation from the
US:
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none
(territory of the US)
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American Samoa has a traditional Polynesian
economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic
activity is strongly linked to the US with which American Samoa conducts most of its commerce.
Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private
sector with canned tuna the primary export. The two tuna canneries account
for 80% of employment. In late September 2009, an earthquake and the
resulting tsunami devastated American Samoa and nearby Samoa, disrupting transportation and
power generation, and resulting in about 200 deaths. The US Federal Emergency
Management Agency is overseeing a relief program of nearly $25 million. Transfers
from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well being. Attempts
by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited
transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising
developing sector.
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GDP (purchasing power parity):
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GDP
(purchasing power parity): $575.3 million (2007 est.) $510.1 million (2003
est.)
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GDP (official exchange rate):
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GDP
(official exchange rate): $462.2 million (2005)
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GDP - real growth rate:
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3% (2003)
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GDP - per capita (PPP):
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GDP - per
capita (PPP): $8,000 (2007 est.) $5,800 (2005 est.)
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
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Labor force:
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17,630
(2005)
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture:
34% industry: 33% services: 33% (1990)
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Unemployment rate:
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29.8%
(2005)
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Population below poverty line:
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NA%
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Household income or consumption by
percentage share:
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lowest
10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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Inflation
rate (consumer prices): NA%
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Budget:
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revenues:
$155.4 million (FY07) expenditures: $183.6 million (FY07)
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Agriculture - products:
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bananas,
coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas;
dairy products, livestock
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Industries:
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tuna
canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA%
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Electricity - production:
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190
million kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity - consumption:
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176.7
million kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh
(2009 est.)
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh
(2009 est.)
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day
(2010 est.)
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Oil - consumption:
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4,400
bbl/day (2010 est.)
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Oil - exports:
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0 bbl/day
(2009 est.)
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Oil - imports:
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4,440
bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil - proved reserves:
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0 bbl (1
January 2011 est.)
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Natural gas - production:
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0 cu m
(2009 est.)
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Natural gas - consumption:
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0 cu m
(2009 est.)
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Natural gas - exports:
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0 cu m
(2009 est.)
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Natural gas - imports:
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0 cu m
(2009 est.)
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Natural gas - proved reserves:
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0 cu m (1
January 2011 est.)
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Exports:
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$445.6
million (FY04 est.)
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Exports - commodities:
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canned
tuna 93%
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Imports:
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$308.8
million (FY04 est.)
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Imports - commodities:
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raw
materials for canneries 56%, food, petroleum products, machinery and parts
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Debt - external:
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$NA
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Exchange rates:
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the US
dollar is used
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Fiscal year:
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1 October
- 30 September
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Telephones in use:
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10,400
(2009) country comparison to the world: 202
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Cellular Phones in use:
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2,200
(2004)
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Telephone system:
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general
assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile, and cellular
telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station
international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean)
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Radio broadcast stations:
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Television broadcast stations:
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Internet country code:
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.as
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Internet hosts:
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2,368
(2010)
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Internet users:
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NA
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Airports:
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3 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 191
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Airports (paved runways):
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total: 3
over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2012)
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Roadways:
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total: 241 km (2008)
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Ports and terminals:
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Pago Pago
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Defense
is the responsibility of the US
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Manpower fit for military service:
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males age
16-49: 14,562 females age 16-49: 14,129 (2010 est.)
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